The review examines structural features, distribution in flora, as well as a number of typical properties of pectinaceous substances. It showed prospects of application of pectinaceous substances in the food-processing industry (confectionery, dairy, fat-and-oil industry), pharmaceutical and cosmetic practices, including medicine. A connection between structure and jellification, complexing properties and physiological activity of pectinaceous substances has been identified. Pectinaceous substances as possessing antisclerous, anti-oxidative, antibacterial effect are very promising.